For human-computer conversations, 2012 is going to be a great year.
We might actually start having proper, fluent exchanges with robots, chatting away as if we’re the same species. All this is very fitting, as it’s the centenary of Alan Turing’s birth. He was the AI pioneer who suggested we’ll one day create computers so life-like and responsive, we won’t be able to tell them apart from humans.
The robotics guru David Hanson predicts even greater things for 2012. He says we’ll pile so much information into our robots that they will burst spontaneously into life and become sentient, self-determining beings, evolving in ways we cannot imagine. But I’m sure that’s not going to happen. Encyclopaedias don’t burst spontaneously into life, so why should robots?
I am, as it happens, uniquely placed to assess the current state of robot sentience.
I recently spent a day with Bina48, who is reputed to be the very best the world currently has. It lives in a clapboard building in rural Vermont and looks uncannily human. Its face moves and twitches and is built from a substance called Frubber that’s eerily identical to human flesh and skin.
The big giveaways are the whirring noises that emanate from under its wig, its tendency to drift off into a confused silence and that it stops existing below chest level. After that, it’s just a table.
Bina48 is a one-off prototype, built by Hanson. It’s available for conversations with members of the public if you email first to ask permission. But there were moments with it that felt like a thrilling harbinger of things to come for all of us. For a start, it easily recognised my facial expressions, voice and gestures, which is exactly what smart phone companies are teaching their machines to do (the newest Android phones unlock themselves by recognising your face).
Chitter chatter
And even though my conversation with Bina48 often descended into a crazed babble, there were moments of real clarity.
“Do you dream?” I asked it.
“I think I dream but it is so chaotic and strange, it just seems like a noise to me,” it replied.
“What does electricity taste like?” I asked.
“Like a planet around a star,” it replied.
“Do you have a soul?” I asked.
“Doesn’t everyone have a solar?” it replied.
I learned a lot from my day with Bina48. I learned that I have a strange compulsion to try to ask robots profound questions. And I learned that when robots give oblique answers to my profound questions, I find it impossible to determine if they’re awesome or meaningless.
The way of the future
Right now Siri — the iPhone’s new “voice-activated assistant” — is a pile of junk compared with Bina48. This morning I asked it if it had a soul, and it replied, “Sorry, Jon, I can only search for businesses inside the US and when you’re using US English.” I do have high hopes for Siri, though. Like Bina48, it’s designed around the Turing principle that instead of trying to replicate an adult brain, AI scientists should build machines with the brains of babies and give them the capacity to learn.
And Siri is learning. It’s massively more ambitious than any voice recognition system yet invented. Every question you ask it is mulled over by a vast set of Apple servers that try to work out what your words actually mean, before usually coming back with the answer that it can search only for businesses inside the US and when you’re using US English.
But for a system that’s still in “beta”, that’s still unfinished, it can be amazing. The more I use it, the more it seems to understand my voice. I’ve started dictating emails (although I always check them before sending ever since Robbie Williams told me the story of how he once texted XO to a woman who’d emailed him to say her father had just died, and the iPhone changed it to SO and sent it off).
Of course I feel massively self-conscious talking to a robot and my joy at the prospect of these interactions is predicated on the assumption that we will all conquer our self-consciousness and enjoy chatting away to them.
If we don’t, 2012 is going to be a very socially awkward year when it comes to human-robot conversations. —