/ 27 July 2006

‘Links are really the whole enchilada’ on the internet

Key internet freedoms are under threat in a legal battle between online search leader Google and pornography publisher Perfect 10, a prominent internet rights foundation said on Wednesday.

At issue in the landmark case being appealed to the San Francisco circuit court of appeals is whether Google infringed on copyrights by creating links to Perfect 10 pictures copied from its website and posted elsewhere on the internet, according to the Electronic Frontier Foundation (EFF).

“The stakes are high and everybody is out expressing an opinion,” said EFF attorney Fred von Lohmann. “Links are really the whole enchilada when it comes to the worldwide web.”

A Perfect 10 court victory would stifle the sharing of website links whether it be by bloggers, search engines, online newspapers, or simply people sending e-mail to friends, von Lohmann said.

“It will be the most important copyright decision for search engines in years.”

The photos which Google provided links to were evidently copies made by Perfect 10 website visitors and put on other websites.

The links turned up in the results of Google searches for images of certain models, said Von Lohmann.

In the case originally filed in the US district court in Los Angeles, Perfect 10 also argued its copyright was infringed by thumbnail images — small versions of the pictures — that Google generated in response to the search queries.

Perfect 10 argued that Google was giving away for free copyrighted “natural women” adult images that the pornography publisher was charging for in magazine and website subscriptions.

The district court ruled in February that Google did nothing wrong by making links to the images, but agreed with Perfect 10 that the online search giant shouldn’t provide thumbnail copies of the pictures.

Both sides appealed the decision to the Ninth Circuit Court of Appeals in San Francisco.

“We are confident that Google Image Search is legal under principles of fair use and copyright law,” Google’s lawyer Michael Kwun said in a response to an Agence France-Presse inquiry on Wednesday.

Leading technology industry groups EFF and the Library Copyright Alliance have weighed in on the side of Google by filing amicus curiae briefs supporting Google’s position.

In recent filings, the two groups contended that Perfect 10 was aiming at expanding copyright law to the detriment of the internet.

Major motion picture, music recording, and photography industry organisations with clear stakes in protecting copyrighted material have countered with amicus briefs backing Perfect 10 in the case.

“Links are really the stuff that has made the worldwide web a success,” Von Lohmann said. “It would be very chilling if any time you sent a link you could be held responsible for copyright infringement.”

The deadline for filing briefs with the court of appeals was several weeks away. After the deadline the court will schedule a hearing at which rival attorneys will make their arguments.

Von Lohmann didn’t expect a judgement until early next year. – AFP