/ 12 June 2009

Flu vaccine ready for tests after pandemic declared

A Swiss pharmaceutical giant said on Friday it has a swine flu vaccine ready for trial as governments stepped up precautions to counter the new declared influenza pandemic.

While millions could catch the flu, governments and health experts around the world have sought to play down fears that the A(H1N1) virus could become a major killer.

Swine flu has so far infected almost 30 000 people in 74 countries and claimed 145 lives since it was first detected in Mexico in April, according to World Health Organisation (WHO) figures.

Novartis stole a march on competitors by announcing it has completed a first batch of vaccine for pre-clinical trials. A spokesperson told said it hoped to have a vaccine in production by September or October.

”Novartis has successfully completed the production of the first batch of influenza A(H1N1) vaccine, weeks ahead of expectations,” the company said in a statement.

Novartis said it hopes to start trials on patients in July and to gain a licence soon after. It said more than 30 governments had already asked for A(H1N1) virus ”vaccine ingredients”.

The US government gave Novartis $289-million to help develop a vaccine. It also made an order with Sanofi-Pasteur of France, which said it hopes to have doses ready for clinical trials in coming weeks.

British-controlled GlaxoSmithKline said on Friday that it could produce a vaccine in four to six months and that it was ready to convert a donation of 50 million doses of vaccine against H5N1 bird flu for the WHO to swine flu doses.

The UN health agency raised its global alert to a maximum six on Thursday, saying it had reached pandemic status because of its geographical spread.

WHO director general Margaret Chan said the declaration of a ”moderate” pandemic should not spark panic and did not mean the A(H1N1) death toll would rise sharply.

She said raising the alert ”means that the world is moving into the early days of its first influenza pandemic in the 21st century”.

The WHO said it would ask drug-makers to quickly prepare to produce swine flu vaccines once the production of seasonal flu vaccine ends.

‘We must be calm’
The southern hemisphere is currently heading into winter and the height of its flu season. Northern hemisphere countries expect to see a swine flu surge when their winter starts later.

Mexico has been worst hit. Its government on Thursday increased the country’s death toll to 109, with 6 294 A(H1N1) infections. The United States comes next. Its health authorities have reported 27 deaths and 13 217 cases.

Australia, the worst hit in the Asia-Pacific region, was considering raising its national flu alert and adopting powers to cancel sports events, restrict travel and even shut national borders, although officials stressed extreme measures are unlikely.

Prime Minister Kevin Rudd said Australia had prepared well but faced problems because of the number of people who travel abroad. The country currently has 1 307 confirmed cases, including four in intensive care.

In Hong Kong, which was hit hard by the 2003 Sars outbreak, authorities closed all primary schools after a group of children became the Chinese city’s first ”cluster” of cases.

Israel’s Health Ministry raised its alert to the highest level following the WHO decision, ordering the stocking of vaccines to inoculate up to 25% of the country’s 7,2-million population.

Britain is Europe’s worst hit country with 909 recorded cases, but the total has risen significantly in recent days.

In Spain, where there are 488 confirmed cases, Health Minister Trinidad Jimenez called for calm after WHO raised its alert, saying that the symptoms were ”slight” and the flu could be easily treated.

”It is true we must remain attentive because you never know what will happen in the future,” she said. ”We must be calm and get on with our lives as normal.”

France, where there are 80 cases, and Germany (95) said they are not changing their alert levels.

Morocco on Friday became the second African nation to report a case. — AFP

 

AFP