/ 7 February 1997

The view from here

Ghetto Diaries, the award-winning M&G-TV series, starts a new season. ANDRE= W W ORSDALE previews=20

WHEN I was asked to cover the new series of Mail & Guardian Television’s Gh= ett

o Diaries I told editorial and filmic staff there was no way I could write = a r eview as an advertorial. I was concerned that I may be inveigled, being a f= ilm

-maker myself, into some criticism flavoured by corporate favouritism. List= en,

I need this newspaper job. I haven’t made a movie for about 10 years.

I didn’t see the first four programmes that won awards in Zimbabwe and were= hi

ghly praised in the United Kingdom and Holland. But the follow-up – a colle= cti

on of six programmes collectively titled Across the Divide, has moments tha= t s hould make any documentary film-maker or feature film-aspirant sit up and t= ake

notice. The content, form and aesthetic are highly cinematic – for televis=

ion

and espec

ially for documentaries.

A friend of mine hates documentaries. She says: “It’s all fixed. It’s alway= s a contrived story told from the film-maker’s point of view.” She’s right, bu=

t w hat’s different about Ghetto Diaries is that the subject is also the film-m= ake

r. What you see is invigorating and visionary although the film-makers are = all

novices.

South Africa has developed a great tradition of documentary film-making and= ab

solutely no heritage of fiction or feature films. The reason is thoroughly = pol

itical. In the mid-to-late-Eighties, film-makers like Angus Gibson, Lawrenc= e D workin, Mark Newman, Jeremy Nathan and Harriet Gavshon – she is head of M&G= -TV

and executive producer of the series – found themselves making pieces of h=

ist

orical art efact. Their films explored the legacies and horrors of apartheid and told = for

eigners, mainly, about South African history for the first time. The result= s w ere edifying but boring.

Despite South Africans’ expertise in recording social and political history= , m ost of the documentaries made here have toed the line and been excruciating= ly=20

politically correct, exploring content instead of context.=20

So a large part of the unique flavour of South African life has been lost t= o d iatribe, didacticism and explaining the paradoxes, ironies and contradictio= ns=20

the country to foreign viewers (because Channel 4, the BBC or some obscure = Swe

dish funding organisation was paying). The results are predictable, sympath= eti

c, laudable documents of our history that, despite their dullness, helped c= rea

te the env ironment for the transformation evident in Ghetto Diaries.

Gavshon says the idea of video diaries came to her when Johnathan Miller, t= hen

head of local production company Free Filmmakers, initiated a long-term de=

vel

opment project called Palestinian Diaries, where youngsters were given bulk= y v ideo cameras) before the home video revolution) and asked to record their t= rou

bled lives across the notorious Middle East divide.=20

Gavshon says: “We were inspired by that and after Ordinary People it seemed= a=20

logical way to progress.” Ordinary People, a 32-part series that chronicled= ev

ents through the eyes of three or four “normal” people, ran for three seaso= ns=20

on SABC and garnered much praise, John Van Zyl, head of TV and Media Studie= s a t Wits University, wrote: “It has the potential of creating a paradigm shif= t i n document ary. It reaches back to the oppositional film-making of the Seventies and E= igh

ties and looks forward to recording the development of a new South African = soc

iety.”

Young film-maker Teboho Mahlatsi, a graduate of the African Cultural Centre= , p roposed the first series. In many ways it was a one-off take on a neighbour= hoo

d, White City in Soweto, where he lives. The unself-conscious nature of the= fi

lms made them an instant critical and popular success. To the SABC’s credit= , G avshon acknowledges, they were screened on Prime Time.=20

The British version, Video Diaries, are screened around 10pm and are made = ove

r about a year, with the editing process lasting five to six months. “We ju= st=20

don’t have the money or resources to do that,” says Gavshon. “We’re much mo= re=20

a guerrilla style of film-making. We train for a week and then leave the su= bje

ct alone to shoot the piece over two weeks.”=20

Editor Robbie Thorpe says: “The British videos are more polished but with o= ur=20

series you get a real sense that people are filming themselves. They don’t = kno

w they’re breaking conventional cinematic laws … and they’re constantly = inv

enting new techniques through intuition. In the first series one of the fil= m-m

akers concealed his camera under his arm so his subjects wouldn’t be self-c= ons

cious. We=20 got all these fantastically weird Dutch tilts and strange angles that reall= y w orked well.”=20

In the new series, coordinated by Mahlatsi, helped by Lance Gewer, Dingaan = Tho

mas Kapa and Msizi Kuhlane, a narrative tension has been created by cross-c= utt

ing between characters. So Lucky Mncegke, a mine-worker in Johannesburg and= Lo

mbasa, his wife, who lives in Ngqeleni near Umtata, both record their daily= li

ves. Some of the material is startlingly realised – like a perfectly framed= sh

ot of Lomb asa chopping wood with their young child in the foreground. This is contras= ted

with Lucky’s equally classic framing of life on the mines: he’s in low ang=

le=20

in front of the mine workers’ hostel, and tracks to where he introduces the= vi

ewer to his dwelling and to the belly of the Western Deep Levels mine. At o= ne=20

moment Lombasa is seen carrying a bucket of water and she talks to the came= ra:

“How many

people can carry water and film themselves at the same time?” Behind her, =

a f riend is seen carrying the tripod.=20

An aesthetic contrast is the story of Victor Zulu, an IFP hostel-dweller, w= hos

e film opens with a brilliant shot of a pair of trousers on a washing line = blo

wing into the camera. It develops into a rough-hewn look at his life, fille= d w ith shaky hand-held shots and a real cinematic energy that’s completely ger= man

e to the grimy context of his daily grind.

The new approach in Ghetto Diaries makes the series more compelling. Perhap= s t he style of the films is so startling because these are not trained film-m= ake

rs and the stories are told from an insider’s point of view.=20

Mahlatsi is editing a 52-minute version of the first series for Swedish TV.= Ca

lled White City, Black Lives, it features the first series’s participants = ref

lecting on the experience of making their films and the representation of b= lac

k lives in general.=20

“Soweto has always been represented by outsiders as a city of death … vio= len

t, passionate and noble death in the pursuit of freedom. But when we gave c= ame

ras to people in Soweto to make films about their own lives we realised tha= t d eath has many faces, and life has many facets,” says Mahlatsi.