/ 26 August 2004

Defiant Najaf uprising seems to be near its end

In the colonnaded doorways of Rassul Street, several fighters of the Mehdi army had made their final stand. Their bodies lay in small groups — two here, two there, and five here.

For three weeks militia loyal to the Shia cleric Moqtada al-Sadr have defied the extraordinary firepower of the United States military, hiding in the network of alleys surrounding Najaf’s Imam Ali shrine. On Wednesday, however, their uprising appeared to be well into the last act.

”American tanks are extremely close to the shrine. There are several bodies in the narrow alleyways around it,” Faridh Karim said on Wednesday, after escaping from the battle zone on his bicycle.

”The dead fighters are scattered everywhere. Some are wearing black headscarves, others just dish dash.”

He added: ”They tried to attack the helicopters using Kalshnikovs and rocket propelled grenades. The helicopters just mowed them down.”

From early morning two US Apache helicopter gunships circled above Najaf’s old city. The few Mehdi army fighters left alive tried to shoot them down — sending mortars crashing out across an angry white sky.

The gunships responded mercilessly, with rasping machine gunfire.

From the shrine itself came the sound of the Koran, broadcast on loudspeakers, and a final, glorious message of defiance — Allah O Akbar, God is great. Its front door remained closed for most of the day. It opened only briefly to allow in steaming plates of rice — lunch for the dozens of human shields still inside.

Did Karim have any sympathy for the dead? ”My heart bleeds when I see Iraqis killed by Americans,” he replied.

The uprising by Moqtada al-Sadr — who has not been seen for days — has plunged Iraq’s US-backed interim government into its worst crisis so far. For days, ministers have been predicting the revolt by the Mehdi army is in its ”final hours”, only to be proved wrong.

The return later today to Najaf of Iraq”s most revered Shia cleric, Grand Ayatollah Ali al-Sistani, may hasten the end of the crisis. But Ayatollah Sistani has so far refused to mediate between al-Sadr and the interim government or to accept al-Sadr’s offer of the shrine’s keys.

The street in which both clerics live, meanwhile — Rassul Street, immediately opposite the shrine — is currently in the middle of a war-zone, with dead Mehdi army fighters lying among shot-up drapery shops and stores selling Koranic literature, according to witnesses.

On Wednesday, police officials in Najaf insisted that despite Ayatollah Sistani’s imminent arrival, Iraqi troops would soon seize the shrine — something only made possible because of the US military’s relentless offensive against the Mehdi army. They also announced they had arrested one of al-Sadr’s lieutenants, Shiekh Ali Semesin, accusing him of theft.

Overnight, US tanks inched down Sadiq Street, a narrow road of hotels and cafes that lead directly to the golden-domed complex. Nearby, a platoon of lightly armed Iraqi government soldiers waited for the order to go in. The grid of dusty alleyways to the south of the shrine was also encircled .

Black smoke billowed over the old city; the explosions scattered white doves from the rooftops. ”The Americans are crusaders. The democracy they have brought us is the democracy of the bullet,” Fadhil Hussein, who lives in Najaf’s devastated old city, pointed out.

Hussein said that an American sniper had shot dead one of his neighbours three days ago, while he was sitting on his roof. ”His body is still in the white building over there,” he said. ”It is smelling very badly. The whole alley smells. Nobody dares to fetch it. They are afraid the Americans will shoot them as well.”

Hussein said he had gone to check on his house only to discover it had been looted.

Mehdi army fighters had taken over several abandoned houses nearby; five out of six homes in the next street had been destroyed, he said.

Conditions inside the old city were now unbearable, another resident, Fleiyeh Haasan, added. ”We didn’t sleep last night due to the fighting. I have four kids. They spent the whole night crying,” he said.

But opinions over the Mehdi army’s last stand are divided — with many in Najaf dismissing Moqtada al-Sadr’s supporters as both outsiders — including volunteers from Falluja — and thugs.

”We suffered for 35 years under Saddam Hussein. He killed our clerics. He killed our poets. He killed our writers,” Kadhim Abdul Karim said, as US tanks and Humvees rattled past his street. ”All our intellectuals left Iraq and our doctors left the country as well. Whatever happens next we want the Americans to stay.”

He added: ”We are typical Iraqis. Moqtada and his supporters are the Taliban of Najaf. You in the west have to understand this. We don’t want them.”

Karim said his brother, Zuheir, had been killed three days ago by a stray bullet while sleeping in the entrance of his house; on Wednesday family members gathered outside, sitting on white plastic chairs, ahead of a funeral feast of roast chicken. ”I’m a businessman and I support our interim government and Ayad Allawi,” he added.

As dusk fell, Najaf’s old city continued to burn. ”The police are Iraqis and the Mehdi army are Iraqis. Iraqis should not be fighting Iraqis,” Abu Haider, who had also fled the old city, said, shaking his head. – Guardian Unlimited Â