Two new talents expose the reality of Zimbabwean life at home and abroad. Aminatta Forna explains
Harare North By Brian Chikwava and An Elegy for Easterly by Petina Gappah are reviewed
Harare North is what Zimbabweans call London, a reference to the number of Zimbabwean immigrants in the city. Johannesburg is Harare South. Brian Chikwava’s unnamed asylum-seeking narrator arrives in Harare North with nothing to his name but a survivor’s instinct.
His is a parasitical existence, first in the house of his cousin and his wife, neither of whom wants him there. When the coldness of his reception finally moves him on, he goes to stay with an old school friend who lives with other Zimbabweans in Brixton.
Here the reason for the tension that existed between the protagonist and his cousin becomes evident. The young man is a pro-Mugabe thug, a member of the Green Bombers youth brigade, on the run from the police and his own people.
In his narrator Chikwava has created an utterly compelling anti-hero, who exploits and manipulates everyone around him while retaining a superb grandiosity (“I am a principled man!”) and sense of entitlement. This is a brave thing for any writer, especially a first-time novelist, to attempt, but Chikwava pulls it off. At first the central character comes across as lazy, naive, cunning, loyal and disloyal by turns, the average teenage lout. Only gradually does Chikwava reveal the extent of his cold machinations and even cruelty — which includes hiring a Polish prostitute to seduce his sexually inexperienced friend Shinge, thereby killing Shinge’s budding romance with a young housemate.
Chikwava’s skills are his humour and his ability to create a powerful and original voice. Sekai, the cousin’s wife, is a “lapsed African” who doesn’t cook for visitors, keeps a dog instead of having children and looks at the narrator with a “pointy eye”. But behind the humour are powerful themes. The connection between personal choices and wider events; the narrator’s refusal to acknowledge what is happening in his country; the exploitation of asylum-seekers and illegal immigrants in London. The whole of Harare North mirrors the Zimbabwean state, with pro- and anti-Mugabe factions, self-absorbed middle classes and those just trying to get by, such as Shinge, by taking employment as BBC (British Bottom Cleaner) workers in old people’s homes.
Though Harare North is described as a book about “London as it is experienced by the dispossessed”, it seems to me that it is almost entirely about Zimbabwe, just as Heart of Darkness was never about the Congo, but rather the rot in the heart of Leopold’s Belgium. If there is a weakness, it is the lack of a driving narrative. But this is a minor criticism.
Chikwava’s narrator is mesmerising, an amoral chancer who meets his match not in a person, but in a place — Harare North.
Petina Gappah’s debut collection is a book of two halves. In the first half are stories of people — women, mostly — coping. The women are downtrodden, exploited, mad, the abandoned, forgotten widows and wives of Big Men. One grieves over her husband’s empty coffin at a state funeral attended by the president. Another grieves over her empty marriage and lifeless existence.
An infertile woman watches with envy the swelling stomach of the local mad woman, not realising the child is her husband’s. A law student finds her future tainted by a spell in a mental home. It makes for bleak reading. Frankly, too much so.
Gappah is a talented writer, but one who wears her heart too obviously on her sleeve in these first few stories. And then, almost halfway through the book, comes “The Mupandawana Dancing Champion” and everything changes. With this absolute gem, which tells the story of a retired coffin maker’s attempt to win a local dancing contest, Gappah comes into her own. It is clever, beautifully crafted and very funny. Her sense of humour is the key, for it tempers a tendency towards didacticism; it puts the politics where it should be, in the background.
From there it just gets better. “Our Man in Geneva Wins a Million Euros” is the story of a Zimbabwean embassy clerk who falls for a Nigerian scam. “The Maid from Lalapanzi” reveals the secret past of a formidable household help. “Aunt Juliana’s Indian” explores the relationship between an Indian shop owner and his assistant. Though Gappah’s characters run the gamut of class from super-wealthy to destitute, she is at her best in her depiction of ordinary people. Through humour and compassion, she depicts that most quintessential of African characteristics: the ability to laugh at life, for fear of crying.
If you want to know a country, read its writers. The reality of life in Zimbabwe, a country that has lost its way, is brilliantly conveyed by both these new talents.
Petina Gappah appears at the Exclusive Books/Mail & Guardian Meet the Author evening at Exclusive Books in the Rosebank Mall, Johannesburg, on Tuesday May 19 at 5.30pm