Libyan rebels on Monday broke out toward Tripoli from the opposition-held port of Misrata about 225km to the east, cracking a government siege as fighters across the country mounted a resurgence in their four-month-old revolt against Muammar Gaddafi.
The rebels also gained a diplomatic boost when the visiting German foreign minister said the nascent opposition government was “the legitimate representative of the Libyan people”. Guido Westerwelle was visiting Benghazi, the capital of the rebel-held east of the country, to open a liaison office and hand over medical supplies.
He stopped short of full diplomatic recognition of the Transitional National Council, as has the United States, awaiting the ouster of Gaddafi from his more than 40-year rule in the oil-rich North African country.
Germany has refused to participate in Nato airstrikes in Libya and withheld its support for the United Nations resolution that allowed the attacks.
What started as a peaceful uprising against Gaddafi has become a civil war, with poorly equipped and trained rebel fighters taking control of the eastern third of Libya and pockets of the west.
But the fighting had reached a stalemate until last week when Nato began the heaviest bombardment of Gaddafi forces since the alliance took control of the skies over Libya under a UN resolution to protect civilians from Gaddafi’s wrath. Nato has been pounding Gaddafi’s military and government position with increasing vigour and the rebels are again on the move.
Gaddafis power has been considerably degraded by the Nato attacks as well military and government defections.
Defections
In London, Libyan analysts reported on Monday that Gaddafi had lost another close official who defected and fled the country.
Sassi Garada, one of the first men to join Gaddafi when he took power, left Libya through Tunisia, according to Noman Benotman, a Libyan analyst in London who was in contact with his friends and family. Guma el-Gamaty, the organiser in Britain for Libya’s interim council, also confirmed the defection.
There were initial reports that Garada fled to Britain, where he has several family members, but Benotman said Garada was in Switzerland.
British officials, who spoke on condition of anonymity to discuss immigration and security matters, said they could not confirm whether Garada was in the UK. Swiss foreign ministry spokesperson Carole Waelti said the government was “not aware of the possible presence of Mr Garada in Switzerland”.
Garada reportedly passed up several military promotions over the years to stay out of the limelight and serve Gaddafi, said Benotman, who works as an analyst for the London-based Quilliam Foundation.
Garada is also from Libya’s Berber minority, which has often fought the Arab majority to have their language and customs protected. Many Berbers occupy the Western mountains of Libya, where Garada had been in charge of trying to neutralise tensions, el-Gamaty said.
It is not known why Garada defected or when, but he is one in a growing list of senior officials who have fled the country, suggesting Gaddafi may be losing his grip on power.
Last month, Shukri Ghanem, the Libyan oil minister and head of the National Oil Company, crossed into neighboring Tunisia.
Others who have defected include Foreign Minister Moussa Koussa, one of Gaddafi’s earliest supporters; Interior Minister Abdel-Fatah Younes; Justice Minister Mustafa Abdul-Jalil, and Ali Abdessalam Treki, a former UN General Assembly president. A number of ambassadors and other diplomats have also resigned.
Rebels advance
In the major fighting near Misrata on Monday, an Associated Press photographer at the rebel front lines said they had pushed along the Mediterranean Sea to within 10km of Zlitan, the next city to the west of Misrata. A rebel commander said his forces, using arms seized from government weapons depots and fresh armaments shipped in from Benghazi, planned to have moved into Zlitan by Tuesday.
Ali Terbelo, the rebel commander, said other opposition forces already were in Zlitan, trying to encircle Gaddafi troops. If the rebels take the city they would be within 135km of the eastern outskirts of Gadhafi’s capital, Tripoli.
An AP reporter with rebel forces said shelling was intense on Monday morning with rockets and artillery and mortar shells slamming into rebel lines west of Dafniya at a rate of about seven each minute. Dafniya is about 30km west of Misrata.
Officials at Hikma Hospital in Misrata said government shelling had killed seven rebels and wounded 49 on Sunday. New casualty figures were not available but ambulances were rushing from the Dafniya line back into Misrata.
Bregan setback
Rebels encountered a major setback, however, near the eastern oil town of Brega on Monday. Suleiman Rafathi, a doctor at the hospital in the town of Ajdabiya where the casualties were taken, said 23 rebels were killed and 26 wounded in a government ambush about 35km east of Brega.
The front lines between Brega and Ajdabiya have been relatively quiet in recent weeks, while fighting has raged in western Libya.
In other diplomatic developments, United States Secretary of State Hillary Rodham Clinton spoke again against the Libyan regime, telling the nations of Africa on Monday to sever links with Gaddafi despite his long support and patronage for many African leaders.
In a speech on Monday to diplomats at the African Union headquarters in Addis Ababa, the Ethiopian capital, Clinton said Africa should join most of the rest of the world in abandoning Gaddafi. She said the Libyan leader had lost all legitimacy to rule because of attacks on his own citizens.
Clinton urged all African leaders to demand that Gadhafi accept a ceasefire and then leave Libya.
Chessboard diplomacy
In a lighter moment, the Gaddafi was shown on Libyan television playing chess with the visiting Russian head of the World Chess Federation. The federation is headed by the eccentric Kirsan Ilyumzhinov, who until last year was the leader of Russia’s predominantly Buddhist republic of Kalmykia. He once claimed to have visited an alien spaceship.
The television report showed Gaddafi, dressed all in black and wearing dark sunglasses, playing chess with his Russian guest on Sunday evening.
Russia’s Interfax news agency quoted Ilyumzhinov as saying Gaddafi told him he had no intention of leaving Libya, despite international pressure.
It was unclear where the chess game took place. Gaddafi’s compound in the centre of Tripoli has been under Nato bombardment and was hit again Sunday.
Gaddafi had not been seen in public since mid-May, and Ilyumzhinov told him how pleased he was to find him healthy and well. — Sapa-AP