/ 7 February 1997

A university in turmoil

Alan Finlay

WITS: A UNIVERSITY IN THE APARTHEID ERA by Mervyn Shear (Wits University, R69)

INhis history of the University of the Witwatersrand -Wits – from 1919 to t= he=20

1990s, Mervyn Shear tries to uphold the idea of a place of learning that is= ab

le to negotiate an even-handed response to a torn society. In this sense hi= s b ook provides an interesting account of an attempt at order, understanding a= nd=20

careful negotiation, in the face of injustices.

The main aim of the book is to chart the movement towards an ”open” univers= ity

– towards the free admission and integration of black students in an essen=

tia

lly white university. Shear, who was deputy vice-chancellor responsible for= st

udent affairs during much of the 1980s, also discusses the growing vocifero= usn

ess of student politics during this time, as well as attacks by the state -= bo

th physica l and legislative – on students, staff and on the autonomy of the universit= y.=20

He concludes with a felt sense of the transformation of the university into= a=20

democratic institution.

Administrative decisions and proclamations are documented, as are the respo= nse

s from student bodies and where the university stood in relation to them.= =20

What emerges from beneath the figures and dates and decisions is the ongoin= g t ension between the university’s autonomy – as an institution of learning fr= ee=20

from interference from the state and, to some measure, from society – and t= he=20

competing idea of the necessity for active involvement in society.

Shear shows that this has never been an open-and-shut case. Wits’s growing = rea

lisation of the need for transformation has always been accompanied by the = nee

d for self-preservation. What especially needed to be preserved was the uni= ver

sity’s belief in its own impartiality – which became increasingly difficult= in

a polarised society.

Wits: AUniversity in the Apartheid Era is probably as impartial as an accou= nt=20

of Wits during the apartheid years gets.