The first tomb discovered in Egypt’s Valley of the Kings in 80 years doesn’t have any mummies, but archaeologists opened the last of eight sarcophagi inside on Wednesday and found something they say is even more valuable: embalming materials and a rare collar of ancient, woven flowers.
Hushed researchers craned their necks and media scuffled inside a stiflingly hot stone chamber six metres underground to watch Egyptian antiquities chief Zahi Hawass slowly crack open the last coffin’s lid — with his bare hands — for the first time in what scientists believe is more than 3 000 years.
But instead of a mummy as archaeologists had hoped, the coffin revealed a tangle of fabric and rusty-colored dehydrated flowers woven together in laurels that looked likely to crumble to dust if touched.
”I prayed to find a mummy, but when I saw this I said it’s better — it’s really beautiful,” said Nadia Lokma, chief curator of the Egyptian Museum in Cairo.
The flowers were likely the remains of garlands, often entwined with gold strips, which ancient Egyptian royals wore around their shoulders in both life and death, she said.
”It’s very rare — there’s nothing like it in any museum. We’ve seen things like it in drawings, but we’ve never seen this before in real life — it’s magnificent,” Lokma said.
Dug deep into white rock, the tomb is known only by the acronym KV63 — the 63rd tomb found in the Valley, a desert region near the southern city of Luxor used as a burial ground for pharaohs, queens and nobles between 1500 and 1000 BC.
The burial chamber was discovered accidentally last year by United States archaeologists working on the neighbouring tomb of Amenmeses, a late 19th Dynasty pharaoh. It was the first uncovered since the famed tomb of King Tutankhamun in 1922.
”For decades, archaeologists have been cleaning up tombs that were found earlier, so it’s very exciting to discover something new,” said Otto Schaden, an Egyptologist from the University of Memphis who found the new grave and heads excavations there.
Scientists cut a hole in the tomb’s door and got their first glimpse into the 2,5m by 4,5m tomb in February. At the time, they believed there were only seven coffins, but Lokma said a total of eight were inside.
Since then, the lids of seven sarcophagi — including a tiny one built for an infant and filled with feather-stuffed pillows — were peeled back one by one, revealing pottery shards, fabrics but no mummies.
With the last opened on Wednesday, the tomb still had more mysteries than answers.
Lokma hoped hieroglyphs would help scientists identify who the coffins and tomb were made for and what happened to the bodies.
Termites had long ago devoured the wood of the final sarcophagus, leaving only a half-millimetre-thick crust of resin frozen in the likeness of its anonymous owner.
Archaeologists strengthened the coffin by coating it with white strips before trying to open it.
They will would now begin analysing the coffins’ contents and transport the newly opened coffin and two others up a steep shaft to higher ground, where the five other sarcophagi have already been placed and where guards stand watch 24 hours a day, Lokma said.
Sixteen of the 28 funeral jars found in the tomb also have yet to be opened.
The tomb’s discovery last year broke the long-held belief that nothing is left to dig up in the Valley of the Kings.
Hawass, who heads the Egyptian Supreme Council of Antiquities, said he believed the new tomb could have belonged to King Tut’s mother. Closely related Egyptian royals tended to be buried near each other, and graves of the rest of Tut’s family have already been found, he said.
”It would make sense, his tomb is so close that it looks like he chose to be buried next to his mother,” who died years before the young king, Hawass said.
The tomb may also have been used as a secret embalming chamber under later pharaohs before being forgotten for centuries, Lokma said.
Though the new discovery did not compare with the marvels of golden masks, jewels and statues found in Tut’s tomb, experts said it was a major scientific discovery that could ultimately catapult understanding of ancient Egypt.
”These discoveries are always very thrilling, because they give us a new glimpse into the ancient Egyptians’ universe, and can push scientific research forward,” Lokma said. – Sapa-AP