National School of Government

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Skills: Qualifications belong to individuals, while the ability to deliver public goods depends on how people work within institutions.

2 OCT 2026

Why qualifications alone cannot build a capable state

While qualifications are essential, true state capability relies on institutional systems, leadership stability, and effective coordination to turn policy ambitions into real…

Busani Ngcaweni
Bontle Lerumo
Phindile Mkwanazi

7 min read