Anna Politkovskaya, the journalist who did most to uncover the Kremlin’s dirty war in Chechnya, was shot dead close to her Moscow apartment on Saturday in a killing that sent shock waves across Russia. Her body was found slumped in a lift next to a pistol and four bullets.
Politkovskaya (48) was a constant critic of the Kremlin and her murder will throw suspicion on the security services and the pro-Moscow regime in Chechnya. Former Soviet leader Mikhail Gorbachev called the killing ”a grave crime against the country, against all of us”.
She was recognised around the world for her principled stand against two brutal wars prosecuted by Moscow in Chechnya that have left hundreds of thousands of people dead, injured or missing. Despite repeated threats to her life she vowed she would not be silenced: ”There are people in this country who would do anything to keep me quiet. I don’t consider it anything heroic — I’m just trying to do my job, to let people know what’s happening in our country.”
In an anthology Another Sky, due to be published next year by English PEN, a writers’ group campaigning against political oppression, Politkovskaya chillingly predicted Saturday’s events: ”Some time ago Vladislav Surkov, deputy head of the presidential administration, explained that there were people who were enemies but whom you could talk sense into, and there were incorrigible enemies to whom you couldn’t and who simply needed to be ‘cleansed’ from the political arena. So they are trying to cleanse it of me and others like me.”
On a visit to Chechnya she alleged that the former President of the Chechen Republic Akhmad Kadyrov vowed to assassinate her. ”The women in the crowd tried to conceal me because they were sure the Kadyrov people would shoot me on the spot if they knew I was there,” she said ”They reminded me that Kadyrov publicly vowed to murder me. He actually said during a meeting of his government that Politkovskaya was a condemned woman. I was told about it by members of the government.”
Her 2003 book A Dirty War: A Russian Reporter in Chechnya was praised for its harrowing and detailed accounts of daily life in war-torn Chechnya. ”My notes are written for the future. They are the testimony of the innocent victims of the new Chechen war, which is why I record all the detail I can,” she wrote.
She remained defiant in the face of repeated threats but admitted she felt shaken by what she was convinced was a poisoning on a flight to cover the Beslan school hostage crisis in 2004. She became unconscious on the plane after drinking a cup of tea and woke up hours later in intensive care. ”At one point, I didn’t have a pulse and the doctors were sure I would die,” she said. ”It was miracle I survived.”
Her death came on the birthday of President Vladimir Putin and two days after one of her bitterest critics, the pro-Moscow prime minister of Chechnya, Ramzan Kadyrov, the son of the ex-president, had his 30th birthday, prompting speculation her life had been taken as a gift to both men. Yulia Latynina, a newspaper commentator who knew the journalist, said: ”All her publications of the last few months were about Chechnya and Kadyrov. Politkovskaya hated him. And two days ago was his birthday — from here can only be one motive.”
Toby Eady, her London literary agent, told the Observer he had recently tried to persuade Politkovskaya to leave Russia because of the threats. ”She said she would not leave Russia until Putin was gone. She actually asked, with deeply dark humour, what would happen to her advance if she was killed.”
There seemed little doubt that the journalist was killed for her cutting reportage from Chechnya, the Muslim republic that tried to break free from Russia in the early 1990’s.
On Saturday night police were reportedly hunting for a man in a baseball cap seen close the scene of the murder, which took place at about 4.30pm local time.
Politkovskaya’s blanket-covered corpse was carried out of the apartment block where she lived. A crowd of weeping people gathered at police cordons, placing roses and candles by the doorway.
Critics accused her of being partisan in her damning reports on the cruelty of Russian federal forces, but Politkovskaya did not hold back on criticism of the Chechen rebels’ brutal tactics either. Her speciality, however, was exposing the horror, corruption and chaos wrought on civilian victims of the first war in Chechnya from 1994 to 1996 and the one that followed from 1999 onwards.
At a time when reporters from state-leaning publications were turning a blind eye, Politkovskaya went again and again to Chechnya documenting abuse of civilians by government troops. Her articles for the newspaper Novaya Gazeta won numerous international awards and she wrote two books about Chechnya, plus a highly critical political biography of Putin. She also wrote several dispatches for the Observer‘s sister paper, the Guardian. – Guardian Unlimited Â